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The Triumph of the
City
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The High Renaissance
&
Mannerism
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(Renaissance
Art Map)
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Giuliano da Sangallo
Antonio
da Sangallo the
Elder
Francesco
da Sangallo
Antonio da Sangallo the Younger
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THE SANGALLO FAMILY
Giuliano Giamberti da Sangalio (c.1443-1516), his brother Antonio the Elder
(c.1453-1534), and their nephew Antonio the Younger (1484-1546) were among the
most eminent architects of the Florentine Renaissance. Giuliano designed the
church of Santa Maria delle Carceri at Prato (1485-92) and the Medici Villa at
Poggio a Caiano (from 1480), while his brother created the church and fine
palazzi at Monte-pulciano. Although trained in Florence, their nephew was mainly
active in Rome, where he designed the Palazzo Farnese which was finished by
Michelangelo.
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Sangallo Family
Encyclopaedia Britannica
Outstanding family of Florentine Renaissance architects. Its most
prominent members were: Antonio da Sangallo the Elder; his older brother
Giuliano da Sangallo; Antonio (Giamberti) da Sangallo the Younger, the
nephew of Giuliano and Antonio Sangallo the Elder; and Francesco da
Sangallo, the son of Giuliano.
Giuliano da Sangallo (1445?–1516) was an architect, sculptor, and
military engineer whose masterpiece, a church of Greek-cross plan, Sta.
Maria delle Carceri in Prato (1485–91), was strongly influenced by
Filippo Brunelleschi. It is the purest, most classic expression of that
style of 15th-century architecture. Giuliano worked for the powerful
Medici family in Florence and built their villa at Poggio a Caiano in
1485. As a military engineer he was effective in the defense of Florence
against Naples in 1478. In Rome Giuliano worked on the design of St.
Peter's, but he was overshadowed by Bramante. He designed influential
facade projects for S. Lorenzo, Florence, in 1515–16.
Antonio da Sangallo the Elder (1455–1535), a military architect in his
younger years, is best known for the major work of his life, the
pilgrimage church of the Madonna di San Biago at Montepulciano, a tiny
but important cultural centre of Tuscany. An ideal central-plan church
(i.e., one symmetrical about a central point) of the High Renaissance,
it also is a Greek-cross plan built of travertine and designed with
three facades; the west tower was never completed, but the east tower
stands, and, with the church placed on a peak overlooking the valley, it
is a majestic sight.
Antonio da Sangallo the Younger (1483–1546) was the most influential
architect of his time. He arrived in Rome when he was about 20 and built
a town house for Cardinal Alessandro Farnese in 1513, and when the
Cardinal became Pope Paul III, he had Antonio the Younger enlarge it
into the most imporant palace in Rome, the Palazzo Farnese (1534–46). A
fortress-like, 16th-century Florentine palace, this structure was
representative of a type of building on which a code of academic rules
was based, exercising an immense influence well into the 19th century.
The inner court of the palace is entered through an arch entrance, and
the carriageway, lined with Roman Doric order antique granite columns,
is a superior design. Antonio borrowed from the ancient Roman
architectural motifs from the Colosseum and the Theatre Marcellus, but
Michelangelo made changes in them.
Throughout his career, Antonio worked on St. Peter's, first as
Bramante's assistant and in 1520 as chief architect. His wooden model of
St. Peter's (1539–46), commissioned by Pope Paul III, still stands in
the Vatican Museum.
Francesco da Sangallo, known as Il Margotta (1494–1576), the son of
Giuliano, was primarily a sculptor whose style was characterized by
minute detailing. He sculpted the tomb of Bishop Marzi-Medici (1546) in
the church of SS. Annunziata, Florence, as well as the tomb of Bishop
Bonofede (1550) in the Certosa di Val d'Ema, near Florence.
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da Sangallo
Italian family of artists. Francesco Giamberti
(1404–80) was a woodworker active in the artistic
circle around the Medici family in Florence in the
15th century. He was also put in charge of the
education of Giulio de’ Medici, the future Pope
Clement VII (reg 1523–34). From Francesco
descended two generations of important artists, who
took the name ‘da Sangallo’ from his property near
the San Gallo gate in Florence. Giuliano da
Sangallo ran a woodworking shop with his brother Antonio da Sangallo. Their sister Maddalena
Giamberti was the mother of Bastiano da Sangallo
and of Giovan Francesco da Sangallo. Another
sister, Smeralda Giamberti, married Bartolomeo di
Antonio di Meo Cordiani, a cooper, and was the
mother of Antonio da Sangallo and Battista da Sangallo, who worked closely together on
some projects. Francesco da Sangallo was the son
of Giuliano. Bastiano, Antonio, Giovan
Francesco, Francesco and Battista were all members
of the group of artists labelled by Vasari the Setta
Sangallesca, along with Antonio Labacco, Pietro di
Giacomo Rosselli and others.
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Italian architect and sculptor (b. 1445, Firenze, d. 1516, Firenze)
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Giuliano da
Sangallo
Villa Medicea
1480-85
Poggio a Caiano, near Florence
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Giuliano da
Sangallo
Exterior of the church
begun 1485
Santa Maria delle Carceri, Prato
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Giuliano da
Sangallo
Tomb of Francesco Sassetti (detail)
1485-90
Pietra serena
S. Trinita, Florence
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Antonio
da Sangallo
the Elder
(b Florence, c. 1460; d
Florence, 27 Dec 1534).
Architect, woodworker, sculptor and engineer, brother of Giuliano da
Sangallo. The earlier part of his career was
overshadowed by that of his brother, with whom he
ran a workshop in Florence for nearly 40 years until
the latter’s death. Their first known work of
collaboration is the Crucifix (1481) for the high
altar of SS Annunziata, Florence. This was followed
by a model (1482) for the church and monastery of
the Badia, Florence, the seating (1487–8) in the
refectory of S Pietro, Perugia, and a model (1491)
for S Maria Maddalena dei Pazzi, Florence. Antonio
was also active as a military engineer, occasionally
representing his brother on the construction sites
of fortifications. The first independent work
attributed to him (c. 1490) is the Crucifix
for the church of S Gallo (destr.), which is now
kept in SS Annunziata, Florence.
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Antonio da Sangallo the Elder
Church of San Blagio, Montepulciano
1518-45.
The elderly master translated the
rationalism of 15th-century
architecture into a Bramante-style
church.
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Palazzo Farnese
Rome, important example of High Renaissance architecture designed by
Antonio da Sangallo and built between 1517 and 1589. In 1546, when
Sangallo died, leaving the building of the palace unfinished,
Michelangelo was appointedby Pope Paul III, who was a member of the
Farnese family, to complete the work.
Michelangelo is responsible for the balcony, the large coat of arms,
the windows of the upper story, and the cornice of the main facade,
as well as for the upper story of the cortile, or main courtyard,
which is more Mannerist than High Renaissance in style. The interior
is decorated with frescoes by Annibale Carracci. The palace now
houses the French embassy.
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Antonio da Sangallo the Elder
Farnese Palace
Rome, Italy
1534
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This ceiling was designed by Leon Battista Alberti (1406-72)
and completed by
Antonio da Sangallo the Elder (c. 1455-1534)
Santa Maria Maggiore
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Francesco da
Sangallo
(b 1 March 1494; d 17 Feb 1576).
Sculptor and architect, son of Giuliano da
Sangallo. In 1504 he accompanied his father to Rome,
where he was present with his father and
Michelangelo in 1506 at the discovery of the
Laokoon (now Rome, Vatican, Mus. Pio-Clementino;).
This experience had a significant impact on the
formation of his style, which was uncharacteristic
among Italian 16th-century sculptors because of its
physiognomic and textural realism and emotional
expressionism. In the 1520s Francesco worked as an
assistant to Michelangelo in the New Sacristy, S
Lorenzo, Florence, for which he carved the marble
friezes of decorative masks on the walls behind the
sarcophagi (in situ). His earliest
independent and dated work is the marble group of
the Virgin and Child with St Anne (1522–6) in Orsanmichele, Florence. His subsequent
Florentine works include an undated marble bust of
Giovanni de’ Medici (Florence, Bargello), the
marble tomb of the Abbess Colomba Ghezzi
(commissioned 1540; Florence, Mus. Bardini), the
marble funerary monument to Angelo Marzi, Bishop
of Assisi (1546; Florence, SS Annunziata) and
the marble monument of Paolo Giovio (1560) in
the cloister of S Lorenzo (now Florence, Bib.
Medicea-Laurenziana). There is also a self-portrait
relief (1542) in S Maria Primerana at Fiesole.
Francesco also worked in Loreto and Naples,
collaborating with Niccolo Tribolo and Domenico Aimo
from 1531 to 1533 on a relief of the Death of the
Virgin for the Santa Casa, Loreto Cathedral, and with Matteo da Quaranta on the decoration (1546) of the
Sanseverini Chapel in SS Severno e Sosio, Naples. As
an architect, he worked on the fortifications of
Prato and Pistoia in 1528 and at Fucecchio in 1530;
after 1529 he served as the Capomaestro Generale of
the fortifications of Florence. Around 1542 he was
working in St Peter’s, Rome, either as a sculptor or
an architect, and in 1543 he succeeded Baccio
d’Agnolo as the Capomaestro of Florence Cathedral.
He designed a campanile for Santa Croce, Florence,
in 1549, but only the first storey was constructed (destr.
1854), and in the 1560s he provided the designs for
the monumental altar tabernacles that formed part of
Vasari’s renovation of the same church. Around this
time he was also one of the founder-members of the
Accademia del Disegno in Florence. His last known
work is the marble portrait relief of Francesco
del Fede (1575; Fiesole, S Maria Primerana).
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Francesco da Sangallo
Shrine of the Holy House
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Francesco da Sangallo
Tomb of Bishop Angelo
Marzi-Medici
Santissima Annunziata,
Florence, Tuscany, Italy
1546
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Francesco da Sangallo
Tomb of Giovanni de Castro
Santa Maria del Popolo,
Rome, Lazio, Italy
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Francesco da Sangallo
Tomb of Giovanni de Castro (detail)
Santa Maria del Popolo,
Rome, Lazio, Italy
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Francesco da Sangallo
Tomb of Giovanni de Castro (detail)
Santa Maria del Popolo,
Rome, Lazio, Italy
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Antonio da Sangallo the Younger
(1483–1546)
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Antonio Da Sangallo the Younger
The Sala delle Fatiche d'Ercole
(Hall of the abours of
Hercules)
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Antonio da Sangallo the Younger
Sto. Spirito
in Sassia
c. 1538
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Antonio Da Sangallo the Younger
Facade of the Farnese Palace
1548
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